science-revision-B1a-Fitness and Health

Here is some revision of mine (topic 1 of 15), I'm only sharing because of the horse. Feel free to use this to revise, I will be busy revising till 13th so don't expect much coming from me apart from these. God year 9 is so stressful >.<
If you can't read my writing here it is typed:
Health-A person with no diseases or abnormalities
Fitness-A person with good cardiorespiratory, aerobic and muscular endurance

Causes of heart disease:
> High Blood Pressure
> Smoking
> High levels of salt
> High levels of saturated fat

Preventing heart disease:
> Lower blood pressure
> Quit smoking
> Eat less salt and saturated fats

Systolic-Bigger number, during heartbeat
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Diastolic-Smaller number, in between heartbeat
Blood in arteries is under pressure due to contraction of heart muscles, heart is like a pump

Consequences of having high blood pressure:
> Strokes
> Kidney damage
> Blood vessels more likely to burst

What increases blood pressure:
> Obesity
> Smoking
> Alcohol intake
> Stress
> High salt intake

Consequences of having low blood pressure:
> Dizziness
> Fainting
> Poor circulation

What decreases blood pressure and cholesterol:
> Regular exercise
> Balanced diet

Different ways to measure fitness:
> Stamina
> Speed
> Strength
> Agility
> Flexibility
> Cardiovascular Efficiency

How smoking increases blood pressure:
> Nicotine increases heart rate
> Carbon monoxide combines with the haemoglobin, stopping oxygen transport and reducing the oxygen carrying capacity of the blood so heart rate increases to compensate
Thrombosis can happen in narrowed arteries and increases the risk of heart attacks by causing them to block. This stops the cells getting the required oxygen and nutrients and they start to die.

Saturated fats lead to a build up of cholesterol in arteries
Plaque/fatty deposits narrow arteries

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Ref traced: colourize-stock.deviantart.com…